Probl Hig Epidemiol 2017, 98(3): 217-225pl

Flavonoids in prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis

Katarzyna Florkowska, Wiktoria Duchnik, Anna Muzykiewicz, Joanna Zielonka-Brzezicka, Adam Klimowicz

Katedra i Zakład Chemii Kosmetycznej i Farmaceutycznej, Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Szczecinie

Summary
Atherosclerosis is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases. It affects the populations of well- developed countries. Oxidative stress and inflammatory conditions are two main factors affecting the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. A crucial factor in the pathogenesis of formation and development of atherosclerotic plaque is accumulation of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (LDL), foam cells and extracellular aggregates of cholesterol between endothelium and muscle layer of the vessels. Modifications of LDL structure and vascular endothelium damages occur with the participation of free radicals. Therefore application of herbal drugs containing various bioactive antioxidative compounds can be helpful in the prophylaxis and treatment of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases. The flavonoid beneficial effect is the result of their ability to reduce the excess of free radicals as well as to prevent their formation inside the body cells. It is possible by inhibition of the oxidative stress factors. By free radicals reduction the antioxidants protect the LDL lipoprotein structures against oxidation and also inflammation which is responsible for the atherosclerosis development.

Key words:  atherosclerosis, flavonoids, antioxidants, herbal drugs